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教育培訓(xùn)行業(yè)知識(shí)型媒體
發(fā)布時(shí)間: 2025年01月12日 04:49
由于文化上的差異,英譯漢時(shí)有時(shí)直譯原文就會(huì)使譯入語讀者感到費(fèi)解,甚至誤解。這時(shí),就有必要借用漢語中意義相同或相近、且具有自己鮮明文化色彩的表達(dá)法對(duì)原文加以歸化。歸化翻譯法常用于處理某些英語成語、典故、形象詞語等一類文化色彩較濃的表達(dá)方式。恰倒好處地歸化可以使譯文地道簡(jiǎn)潔、生動(dòng)活潑,便于譯入語讀者理解和接受。
(8) It was,as Bill afterwards expressed it,"during a moment of temporary mental apparition",but we didn't find that out till later.
恰如后來比爾說的那樣,那陣子簡(jiǎn)直是"一時(shí)鬼迷心竅".不過,我們直到后來才明白了這個(gè)意思。
(apparition在原文中是鬼魂或幽靈出現(xiàn)的意思。mental apparition直譯是"心中有鬼",這就很容易給人造成誤解,因此需要多少將原形象適當(dāng)?shù)剞D(zhuǎn)換一下。)
(9) They will be ice-skating in hell the day,when I vote the aid for them.
要我投票贊成給他們?cè)翘枏奈鬟叧鰜怼?/p>
(ice-skating in hell如譯成"在地獄里滑冰"就很難為中國(guó)讀者所理解和接受。)
(10). "Until her husband won the pools,she was the most commonplace,dowdy,illiterate creature imaginable,but now that she dresses herself up like a society queen and nearly always remembers to sound her aitches,people are already beginning to forget what she was like before.
"Fine feathers make fine birds."
"過去沒有比她更平平常常、無知無識(shí)而又邋邋遢遢的了,自從她男人贏得全部賭注以后,她打扮得象個(gè)社交皇后,總是記住發(fā)H的音,人們開始忘記她以前是什么樣子了。"
"人靠衣裳馬靠鞍嘛。"
(11) I'd much rather see her once or twice and not do anything about it–;–;what could I do about it anyway? She's a bit out of my class,don't you think? If I did try to do anything,I'd only get sent off with a flea in my ear.
我寧愿見她一兩面就算了──我還能干什么呢?你沒看到她和我不怎么相稱嗎?我要干點(diǎn)什么,也只會(huì)碰一鼻子灰。
(原文a flea in one's ear的字面意思是"耳朵上有個(gè)跳蚤",用來比喻"譏諷的話,刺耳的話".send sb. off with a flea in one's ear意思是"用譏諷的話氣走某人",與漢語"碰一鼻子灰"意思相近,但如譯為"用譏諷話氣走某人",則過于平淡,遠(yuǎn)不如"碰一鼻子灰"生動(dòng)、俏皮。)
(12) He was so fond of talking that his comrades nicknamed him "magpie".
他如此嘮叨,同伴們給他起了個(gè) "麻雀"的外號(hào).
(英語中 "喜鵲" 喻義 "嘮叨、饒舌",但在漢語中 "喜鵲" 卻象征著 "喜事、吉祥",而 "麻雀" 表示 "嘮叨、饒舌",所以用歸化法.)
(13) There's a people's court waiting for him. His God-damned head is going to be separated from his God-damned neck.
人民法庭正等著他。狗頭就要和狗脖子分家呢。
(原文God-damned意為"該死的",但如譯成"該死的頭"、"該死的脖子"遠(yuǎn)不如"狗頭"、"狗脖子"痛快。)
(14) I'm a diplomat,a linguist,altogether a bespectacled cream puff.
我是個(gè)外交官,一個(gè)語言學(xué)家,總而言之,是個(gè)戴眼鏡的銀樣邋槍頭。
(原文cream puff的字面意思是"奶油松餅",比喻"中看不中用的人",和漢語中的"銀樣邋槍頭"意思相近。但如直譯成"奶油松餅",則不易為漢語讀者所接受。歸化后,既能保存原意,又能為漢語讀者所接受。)
采用歸化時(shí),要避免走極端,不要用漢語民族文化色彩太濃的詞(如:歷史人物、地理名詞等)來歸化英語習(xí)語,否則譯文會(huì)讓人感覺不倫不類。
(1) Beauty lies in lover's eyes.
情人眼里出美人.
(此處就不宜歸化為具有濃厚漢語文化色彩的 "情人眼里出西施".譯者怎能把中國(guó)古代美女西施搬到西方作品中去呢?)
(2) Many heads are better than one.
一人不及眾人計(jì).
(此處就不宜歸化為具有濃厚漢語文化色彩的 "三個(gè)臭皮匠,頂個(gè)諸葛亮".如把歷史人物諸葛亮搬到西方作品中去,總讓人感到不倫不類的.)
(3) Never offer to teach fish to swim.
不要教魚兒游泳.
(此處也不宜歸化為具有濃厚漢語文化色彩的 "不要班門弄斧"、 "不要關(guān)公面前耍大刀".)
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